Scope
This specification covers the chemical, mechanical and dimensional requirements for hardened steel washers for use with fasteners having nominal thread diameters of 1/4″ through 4″ and are intended for for general purpose mechanical and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs and other internally threaded and externally threaded fasteners. These washers are suitable for use with fasteners covered in Specifications A325, A354, A449 and A490.
Type
Type 1 = Carbon Steel
Type 3 = Weathering Steel, comparable to A588 & A709
Style
Circular—Circular washers in nominal bolt sizes 1⁄4 through 4 in. suitable for applications where sufficient space exists and angularity permits.
Beveled—Beveled washers are square or rectangular, in nominal sizes 1⁄2 through 1-1⁄2 in., with a beveled 1 to 6 ratio surface for use with American standard beams and channels.
Clipped—Clipped washers are circular or beveled for use where space limitations necessitate that one side be clipped.
Extra Thick—Extra thick washers are circular washers in nominal sizes 1⁄2 through 1-1⁄2 in., with a nominal thickness of 5⁄16 in. suitable for structural applications with over-sized holes.
Table 1: Chemical Requirementsᴬ
| Element | Type 1 - Composition % | Type3 ᴮ - Composition % |
|---|---|---|
| Phosphorus, max - Heat | 0.040 | 0.040 |
| Phosphorus, max - Product | 0.050 | 0.0450 |
| Sulfur, max - Heat | 0.050 | 0.050 |
| Sulfur, max - Product | 0.060 | 0.055 |
| Silicon - Heat | - | 0.15 - 0.35 |
| Silicon - Product | - | 0.13 - 0.37 |
| Chromium - Heat | 0.45 - 0.65 | |
| Chromium - Product | 0.42 - 0.68 | |
| Nickel - Heat | - | 0.25 - 0.45 |
| Nickel - Product | - | 0.22 - 0.48 |
| Copper - Heat | - | 0.25 - 0.45 |
| Copper - Product | - | 0.22 - 0.48 |
| Source: ASTM F436-11 | ||
Table 2: Hardened Circular, Clipped Circular and Extra-Thick Washers
| Circular and Extra Thick | Clipped Circular | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominal | Circular, Cliped Circular & Extra Thick | Circular & Clipped (T) | Extra Thick (T) | Clipped Min Edge | |||
| Size | Outside Dia (OD) | Inside Dia (ID) | min | max | min | max | Distance (E) ᴬ, in |
| 1/4 | 0.625 | 0.281 | 0.051 | 0.08 | - | - | 0.219 |
| 5/16 | 0.688 | 0.344 | 0.051 | 0.08 | - | - | 0.281 |
| 3/8 | 0.813 | 0.406 | 0.051 | 0.08 | - | - | 0.344 |
| 7/16 | 0.922 | 0.469 | 0.051 | 0.08 | - | - | 0.406 |
| 1/2 | 1.063 | 0.531 | 0.097 | 0.177 | 0.305 | 0.375 | 0.438 |
| 9/16 | 1.188 | 0.625 | 0.11 | 0.177 | 0.305 | 0.375 | 0.5 |
| 5/8 | 1.313 | 0.688 | 0.122 | 0.177 | 0.305 | 0.375 | 0.563 |
| 3/4 | 1.468 | 0.813 | 0.122 | 0.177 | 0.305 | 0.375 | 0.656 |
| 7/8 | 1.75 | 0.938 | 0.136 | 0.177 | 0.305 | 0.375 | 0.781 |
| 1 | 2 | 1.063 | 0.136 | 0.177 | 0.305 | 0.375 | 0.875 |
| 1-1/8 | 2.25 | 1.188 | 0.136 | 0.177 | 0.305 | 0.375 | 1 |
| 1-1/4 | 2.5 | 1.375 | 0.136 | 0.177 | 0.305 | 0.375 | 1.094 |
| 1-3/8 | 2.75 | 1.5 | 0.136 | 0.177 | 0.305 | 0.375 | 1.219 |
| 1-1/2 | 3 | 1.625 | 0.136 | 0.177 | 0.305 | 0.375 | 1.313 |
| 1-3/4 | 3.25 | 1.875 | 0.178 ᴮ | 0.28 ᴮ | 0.305 | 0.375 | 1.531 |
| 2 | 3.75 | 2.125 | 0.178 ᴮ | 0.28 ᴮ | 0.305 | 0.375 | 1.75 |
| 2-1/4 | 4 | 2.375 | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.305 | 0.375 | 2 |
| 2-1/2 | 4.5 | 2.625 | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.313 | 0.375 | 2.188 |
| 2-3/4 | 5 | 2.875 | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.313 | 0.375 | 2.406 |
| 3 | 5.5 | 3.125 | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.313 | 0.375 | 2.625 |
| 3-1/4 | 6 | 3.375 | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.313 | 0.375 | 2.875 |
| 3-1/2 | 6.5 | 3.625 | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.313 | 0.375 | 3.063 |
| 3-3/4 | 7 | 3.975 | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.313 | 0.375 | 3.313 |
| 4 | 7.5 | 4.125 | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.34 ᶜ | 0.313 | 0.375 | 3.5 |
| Source: ASTM F436-11 | |||||||
Table 3: Washer Dimensional Tolerances
| Dimensional Characteristics | <1" Nominal Size | 1 Through 1-1/2" Nominal Size | >1-1/1" through 3" Nominal Size | >3" Nominal Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominal diameter of hole, in | -0, +0.032 | -0, 0.063 | -0, 0.063 | -0, +0.125 |
| Nominal outside diameter, in | +/-0.032 | +/- 0.063 | +/- 0.063 | +/- 0.125 |
| Flatness: max deviation from straightedge placed on cut side shall not exceed, in | 0.01 | 0.015 | 0.02 | 0.032 |
| Concertricity, in: center of hole to O.D. | 0.030 FIR ᴬ | 0.060 FIR ᴬ | 0.090 FIR ᴬ | 0.250 FIR ᴬ |
| Burr shall not project above immediately adjacent washer surface more than, in | 0.01 | 0.015 | 0.02 | 0.025 |
| Source: ASTM F436 | ||||
Table 4: Hardened Beveled Washers
| Square | Square Clipped | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bolt Diameter | Square Beveled & Clipped Square Beveled ᴬ | Clipped | |||
| Minimum Side Dimension (A) | Nominal I.D | Mean Thickness (T) | Slope or Taper Thickness | Nominal Edge Distance (E) ᴮ | |
| 1/2" | 1-3/4" | 17/32" | 5/16" | 1:6 | 7/16" |
| 5/8" | 1-3/4" | 11/16" | 5/16" | 1:6 | 9/16" |
| 3/4" | 1-3/4" | 13/16" | 5/16" | 1:6 | 21/32" |
| 7/8" | 1-3/4" | 15/16" | 5/16" | 1:6 | 25/32" |
| 1" | 1-3/4" | 1-1/8" | 5/16" | 1:6 | 7/8" |
| 1-1/8" | 2-1/4" | 1-1/4" | 5/16" | 1:6 | 1" |
| 1-1/4" | 2-1/4" | 1-3/8" | 5/16" | 1:6 | 1-3/32" |
| 1-3/8" | 2-1/4" | 1-1/2" | 5/16" | 1:6 | 1-7/32" |
| 1-1/2" | 2-1/4" | 1-5/8" | 5/16" | 1:6 | 1-5/16" |
| Source: ASTM F436-11 | |||||